Role of Zoos in Conservation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Role of Zoos in Conservation - Essay Example Role of Zoos in Conservation The tropical rainforests have high humidity owing to excess moisture from rainfall, heavy cloud cover and transpiration due to loss of water from leaves. Rainforests are known to generate a majority of their own rain and precipitation. For instance, the Amazon generates almost half of its own rain. Rainforests have a characteristic vegetative structure with several layers named overstory canopy, understory, shrub layer, and ground level (Butler). The canopy is the dense part of the forest consisting of a ceiling of leaves and branches of closely spaced trees. The overstory is the upper canopy about 100-130 above the floor of the forest. The understory occurs below the canopy. The shrub layer is about 5-20 feet above the forest floor and mostly consists of shrubs and tree saplings (Butler). The wildlife varies based on which level of the forest it inhabits. Tropical rainforests have extremely high biological diversity. They are extremely important, complex yet fragile ecosystems. They , especially the Amazon rainforests, are considered the lungs of the planet because they recycle most of the carbon dioxide to oxygen. A vast majority, i.e. more than half of the world’s plant, animal and insect species live in tropical rainforests. At least 80% of human’s original diet came from tropical rainforests. They provide a large number of food and medicinal products. They are extremely vital for the maintenance of normal climate as well as the biological diversity of the planet. Tropical rainforests cover only about 6% of the earth’s surface.

Research Paper on Fun Things Essay Example for Free

Research Paper on Fun Things Essay For this assignment, you will compose a ten-page research paper on a great thinker chosen from the attached list. There are three components to this assignment. The first is that you will write about the major thought, idea, or system of belief for which the great thinker was known. Secondly, you will write about two or three ways in which the teachings of the great thinker influenced history. Thirdly, you will provide a thoughtful analysis of at least one idea touted by the great thinker. You will need to research and properly document eight to ten scholarly sources using the MLA standard for citation. In addition to writing the paper, you will be learning and implementing a way to organize your research and writing. You will receive two grades for this assignment: one for the final paper and one for the research and writing prep work. Research Component Research is an important skill for college students to learn and implement. When done well, research will help strengthen an argument, prove a point, verify facts, and explain with first-hand knowledge. At its most basic level, research is studying the works of experts in any given field. For instance, if I want to research heart surgery, I will locate experts in the field of cardiology and read what they say about the heart. In reading their works, which may consist of published studies, medical journal articles or medical books, or informative medical websites or blogs, I am presuming and appealing to their expert knowledge and skill in an area I know little or nothing about. In short, I’m reading and studying their work in order to learn. For your research paper, you will be appealing to the expert knowledge of a great thinker. You will research articles and/or books that were either written by the great thinker (we call this a primary source) or by someone who studied the great thinker (we call this a secondary source). For example, let’s say you are studying Jonathan Edwards (great puritan theologian). Were you to read and study his actual sermons, you would be researching a primary source. Were you to read and study what John Piper (present day pastor and avid Jonathan Edwards fan) has written about the theology of Jonathan Edwards, then you would be conducting secondary research. Both primary and secondary sources are very valuable when writing research papers. Usually primary research is considered to be the most reliable in that it is closest to the original (the idea originator, the eye-witness account, the photograph, etc†¦). A good research paper will be able to navigate both types of research and carefully integrate it appropriately. For the purposes of this assignment, you’ll be doing both because you’ll be concerned with what the great thinker actually taught and that will best be discovered by his or her actual writings, and you’ll be concerned with how his or her thoughts influenced history, which is most likely written by other scholars. In addition to conducting primary and secondary research, you’ll need to make sure that your sources are consider scholarly; that is, your sources come from people who have appropriate expertise in the field of you are studying. This will not be an issue with your primary sources because you will go straight to the source (i.e., you’ll study the writings or Marx or Lewis), but it will be more of an issue in secondary sources. How to tell if an article or book is considered scholarly or written by an authoritative expert in the field can be tricky, but here are a few rules: 1. Does the author have an educational background that would account for the knowledge in the article or book? 2. In the case of articles, is it published in a peer-reviewed journal? 3. Does the article or book offer analysis and critique of original sources or just give mere impressions or opinions? Another term I have mentioned in regards to research is MLA citation (Modern Language Association). MLA is a method of citation that is used primarily in the humanities that indicates the source of your research. Learning MLA citation rules takes time and lots of effort, but it is a necessary part of conducting and writing a well-researched paper. For this assignment, you’ll need at least eight scholarly sources that may include journal articles or books but may NOT include websites. There will be in-class lectures that will teach you where to locate scholarly resources and how to properly keep track and cite them. As I see it, there are two major avenues of research for this paper: the first is research involving the actual ideas of the great thinker. The second is research involving the analysis of the thinker’s ideas. Content of Research Paper As mentioned in the assignment overview, there are two components to this research paper. The first is that you will research the major idea or set of ideas for which the great thinker was known. This will be the first section of the research paper and will include a thorough explanation of the great thinker’s idea or ideas and he or she came to belief or think in such a way. The second section of the paper will include a discussion on two or three of the major ways the great thinker’s ideas influenced history. The third section is where you provide thoughtful analysis about at least one of the great thinker’s ideas. This is not, necessarily, an argument, but rather it is an opportunity for you to break down the idea and comment on it yourself. Although I’m more interested in your analysis, it may help to research how others have analyzed and critiqued your great thinker’s ideas. In this section you may 1. Critique the thinker’s idea 2. Break down the thinker’s ideas and provide additional clarification or implication 3. Show how different scholars have viewed or interpreted the great thinker’s ideas and whether agree or disagree 4. Show why the thinker’s ideas produced negative or positive effects on society, theology, history, etc. 5. Any combination of the above. Please note that I do not wanting you to write a biography; that is, I do not want detailed discussion on the great thinker’s family history, marriage, hobbies, physical appearance, personal health, friends, etc. unless is it absolutely pertinent to his or her intellectual contribution. Paper Organization Each of you will be required to create an outline for your paper and turn it in as part of the assignment. Additionally, you will be required to keep track of all research and turn in your research notes. Research Organization I will require you to keep track of your sources through Microsoft One Note or Word, whichever works best for you. For every source you look at, you’ll need to record the following information: 1. Source Title- title of the article or book 2. Source Location-book, ebook with web address, journal article with web address 3. Source Citation- MLA citation as it would appear in your works cited page 4. What-what information are you using from the source. If it is short, type it here. If it is a chapter or large section, write down the major idea or some key words and the necessary information to find it in your source easily (page or section numbers, headings, etc.). 5. Plan- how you plan on using the information You will have at least eight records with the above information, although it is much more likely you’ll have more and may not use all sources in the actual writing of the paper. That is okay. Note: Make sure you accurately record information for every source because you won’t remember. Grading Criteria: Each paper will be graded on the following: 1. Accurate, detailed, and thoughtful discussion and analysis of the great thinker’s ideas 2. Coherent, fluid prose 3. Accurate implementation of MLA citation 4. Integration of scholarly sources 5. Proper adherence to Standard English grammar and style 6. Proper adherence to page length and formatting guidelines

The Use of Isolation in Two Fairy Tales Essay -- Literature Writing Li

The Use of Isolation in Two Fairy Tales The social evolution from the Enlightenment to the Romantic Age altered the usage of reason in literature by instituting elements of imagination and mysticism. Likewise, the usages of certain concepts in literature can reflect social attitudes of the author’s environment. One such concept that is common to both Ludwig Tieck’s â€Å"Fair-Haired Eckbert† and Wilhelm Wackenroder’s â€Å"A Wondrous Oriental Fairy Tale of a Naked Saint† is the isolation of characters. Isolation, as the cause, or simply as an indicator, of suffering in these two literary fairy tales is a notion that is successfully used to dictate the spiritual fates of the characters in each story. There are several manifestations of isolation as the cause of suffering in â€Å"Fair-Haired Eckbert†. The first manifestation is literally separation anxiety. Despite the fact that character interactions in this story only lead to trouble, the characters yearn for solidarity with one another. Subsequently, their isolation inevitably leads to misery. After running away from home, Bertha’s lonely voyage is filled with tears and is self-described as â€Å"utterly comfortless,† and she longs â€Å"but to see one [other] human creature† (33). Upon discovering the green valleys that imply potential cohabitants, Bertha claims, â€Å"my loneliness and helplessness no longer frightened me† and she is â€Å"joyfully surprised† (34) to see the old woman. Bertha overcomes the pains of isolation by living with the old woman; however, this relationship soon falls apart and Bertha once again runs away. Bertha voyages â€Å"amid tears and sobs† (39) and stumbles back upon her home town. After finding out her parents had passed away, Bertha â€Å"drew back quickly and left the village ... ... strong religious overtones present in both texts. Isolation is utilized as a cause of suffering for the characters in Tieck’s â€Å"Fair-Haired Eckbert.† It serves as punishment for these characters as a result of bearing the burden of original sin, and thus conveys the pessimistic view of human spirituality as a downward spiral from the Garden of Eden. Conversely, in Wackenroder’s â€Å"A Wondrous Oriental Fairy Tale of a Naked Saint,† the concept of redemption from isolation (the indicator of suffering) represents the optimistic stance of human spirituality as ascension to Heaven. It follows that the dichotomy between isolation as an indicator or the cause of suffering in these two stories reflects the larger dichotomy between optimistic and pessimistic tones taken in Romantic literature, specifically those taken by Tieck and Wackenroder in these two literary fairy tales.

Change In The Things They Carried Essay examples -- Tim OBrien OBrien

Change In The Things They Carried a war novel by Tim O'Brien, we are told many short stories compiled to make a whole. I want to emphasis on the importance of the chapter "Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong". In this chapter we are introduced to the character Mary Anne. She shows the changing power of Vietnam, that a sweet innocent young girl can come into this land and be forever consumed by her surroundings. The speaker show us this through character action, character description, dialogue and metaphor; this enhances the literary work by showing us that the soldiers will always be a part of Vietnam no matter how hard they try to get away from it. Mary Anne was a young sweet innocent girl unaffected by the war at first. The speaker shows us with character description from what she was wearing when she arrived. "This cute blonde just a kid, just barely out of high schoolÂ…white culottes and this sexy pink sweater."(O'Brien 90) Her "pink sweater" is a symbol for innocence, the color pink is associated with innocence; "barely out of high school" can also imply her innocence. The end of high school is the beginning of a new world for most. Thus meaning that she has her whole life in front of her. That she is just starting life. In this next quote you will see that she had the rest of her life planned out or so she thought. "Mary Anne Bell and Mark Fossie had been sweethearts since grammar school. From the sixth grade on they had known for a fact that they would get marriedÂ…that was the plan. They were very much in love, full of dreams, and in the ordinary flow of their lives the whole scenario might well have come true." (94) The speaker placed this quote to foreshadow Mary Anne's change. "Ordinary flow of their lives the whole sc... ... truth. This story enhances the literary work for it shows what can happen if you embrace a culture while surrounded by others who are just simply living off the land not being courteous to those who live on it. Her love for this land changed her forever, She is not the same sweet innocent Mary Anne who came off of that helicopter, and she is now one with Vietnam. This is a metaphor for what took place in the lives of soldiers, they go there expecting to just "hump" along but get consumed by the land. It forever changes them so that they will never be the same again. There minds are forever warped, they will go in as one person and leave another. The speaker uses Mary Anne as an accelerated version of a soldier's life to make a dramatic effect. She is to show how much a man changes after war, no matter how hard they try to deny it. The war has became a part of them.

Learning Team Objective Essay

During weeks four and five, we learned all about methods a company can have a picture of their overall fiscal rankings. A few of the subjects dealt with include using a report of cash flows to observe the coming in and going out of cash, assessing fiscal reports, the way to report the issuance of the various kinds of stock and dividend payments, and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act influence. A report of cash flows indicates the receipt and payment of cash for the organization. The direct method is desired by the FASB, even though both ways are acceptable, and shows cash receipts and payments in operations whereas the indirect method changes net income which does not influence cash. To get commenced with a report of cash flows, the organization must change its net income from an accrual basis to a cash basis. Ultimately, an organization may decide their free cash flow to find out the amount of money is remaining after adjustments for capital expenses and dividends have been completed. The 3 methods of assessment are the horizontal, vertical, and ratio analysis. Horizontal assesses the fiscal report data during a period of time. This decides the increase or reduction which has occurred. Vertical analysis reports every item like a percent of base sum. This decides what amount of the total assets are existing assets or what amount of the net sales are selling expenditures. Ratio analysis reports the connection amongst the chosen items of the reports. This decides liquidity of assets, profits of the organization, and the solvency ratio informs if the organization is likely to survive over a long interval of time. Investors are able to use the cash flow report to find out if the organization has adequate cash to increase operations and pay dividends. The organization may use the information in the cash flow report to assess the effectiveness of operations. Cash flow from funding activities shows any modifications in debt, loans, or dividends. Issuing stock or rising long-term borrowing is actually a cash inflow. Paying dividends or decreasing liability is a cash outflow. Moreover, cash flow from operating activities calculates the modifications in cash flows from operations needing a calculation of the modifications in account balances in the balance sheet between accounting intervals. Scenarios may happen which result in unethical accounting routines because of lacking in the financial controls set down and followed by higher administration people. All six of these methods not just require to be set up but they must be adopted and enforced as well by way of assessment and follow-up. In case even one of the controls isn’t set up in that case the opportunity may become open for unethical conduct. For instance, in case you don’t specify duty by just having one individual accountable in that case it results in a lack of accountability if something is incorrect. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was put into operation in 2002 as a result of great number of unethical and fraudulent scenarios abounding in companies. This Act says that all publicly operated organizations should have noted internal fiscal controls in the organization. Organizations must submit an assessment of the effectiveness and value of their internal controls with their conclusion of year fiscal package. Regular outside audits are carried out to make sure compliance by the companies with this Act. In case violations are found anytime, penalties and fines might be enacted upon higher administration level people to include imprisonment. To conclude, over weeks 4 and 5 we have learned all about the ways of creating cash flow reports, the way to apply the 3 different ratios when deciding how nicely or lousy the organization is performing fiscally, the way to report journal entries of the issuance of stock and common stock and the way to announce and enter payments from dividends, and lastly the way to stay ethical in accounting and be in conformity with SOX.

3 Tips for Writing a Successful Letter of Continued Interest

3 Tips for Writing a Successful Letter of Continued Interest SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’ve found yourself waitlisted or deferred from your dream school, you might be worried and frustrated. What does being on the waitlist mean? Do you still have a chance of getting in? What can you do to improve your chances? While there’s not one singular way of ensuring your eventual admission to your dream school, a letter of continued interest can show your continued dedication to the admissions committee. In this article, we’ll talk about what a continued interest letter is and give a letter of continued interest sample so you know how to write your own if you need to. What Is a Letter of Continued Interest? If you’ve been waitlisted or deferred from a college, you may feel sad or confused. But a waitlist or deferment isn’t always a bad thing - it means that the college thinks that you could be a strong candidate. However, they have some reservations about your application, or else they would have accepted you already. A letter of continued interest lets the admissions committee know that you’re still excited about the prospect of attending that school. More than that, a continued interest letter is a way to update the admissions committee on your achievements, which may in turn push them over the edge and decide to admit you. What Should You Include in a Letter of Continued Interest? Colleges want to make sure that they have the best and brightest freshmen class possible. Your continued interest letter should prove that you belong among the admitted applicants. You should include: An indication that you still want to attend the school. Updates on your recent accomplishments (academic, extracurricular, and personal). Basically, you want to show the admissions committee that you’re still working hard and still interested in attending their school. As with any college essay, you should make the letter personal and specific - treat your continued interest letter as a chance to give the admissions committee greater insight into who you are as a person. The types of updates you include will be specific to school you’re applying to. If you’re applying somewhere that doesn’t accept SAT scores, for instance, it doesn’t make sense to include your SAT scores. Do your research on what your school looks at and make sure to only include updates that are relevant to what you require. What Should You Not Include in a Letter of Continued Interest? It’s normal to be disappointed if you’re deferred or waitlisted - but don’t show that in your letter of continued interest. Don’t express any frustration or negative feelings. Your letter should be positive and focused on your accomplishments, not your anger that the admissions committee hasn’t realized your merits. You want to highlight positive personality traits, like perseverance, not ones like jealousy or anger. Letter of Continued Interest Samples Your letter of continued interest will be different if you’re deferred or if you’re waitlisted. If you’re deferred from an early decision pool to the regular candidate pool, you’ll want to indicate that the college is still your first choice, even though you may not have heard from anyone else yet. If you’ve been waitlisted, you’ll likely have heard from other colleges, so you can be more specific about why the waitlisted school is your top choice. Let’s take a look at a letter of continued interest sample for each scenario. Letter of Continued Interest Sample - Waitlist Dear Mr. Admissions, I was recently waitlisted for the 2018 school year. I am writing to express my continued interest in ABC University. I am particularly drawn to the school's Music Education program - the amazing faculty, including Professor 123, and state of the art facilities are what specifically make ABC University my top choice. I also wanted to update you on some exciting news. Since I first submitted my application, I have been awarded the Rockstar Prize for Excellence in Music. This award is given to a high school senior in my state every year. I think winning the award shows my dedication and continued passion in music. I've included an updated resume reflecting this honor. Thank you so much for your time and consideration. If you have any further questions, please let me know. I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely, Student #1 This letter of continued interest sample is perfect for a student on the waitlist. First, it details the student’s continued interest in the university. Next, it tells the admissions committee about a new honor, showing that the student is still working hard, even late into his or her senior year. It also provides an updated resume of accomplishments for the committee to review. Letter of Continued Interest Sample - Deferred Dear Ms. Admissions, Thank you for taking the time to read my application. I know that DEF University is incredibly competitive and I’m glad that I am still being considered a candidate for admission. I'm writing to express my continued interest in attending, and to include some new information to add to my application. Since I applied to DEF University, I have retaken the SAT to improve my score. My math score is now 770 and my reading score is 740. I’m proud of myself for this achievement and am sending an official score report to the school. I understand that this new information may not impact my admissions, as the candidate pool is so talented, but I wanted to share it with you anyways. I'm still very excited about the prospect of getting my acceptance letter to DEF University and joining the history department this fall. Thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Student #2 This letter of continued interest sample gives concrete updates on the student’s SAT scores. Since the student has been deferred, sending along an updated score report is a wise choice. The same goes for transcripts - if your work continues to be stellar or even improve, you should send updates along to the school as you’re considered as a candidate for regular admission. 3 Tips for Writing Your Letter of Continued Interest If you need to write a letter of continued interest, keep these tips in mind. #1: Keep It Short and Sweet The admissions committee doesn’t want to read a ten-page essay on your accomplishments. Keep your letter brief, cheery, and polite. You don’t need to write more than 300 words to get your point across - you’re still interested in the school and you’ve been working hard. #2: Include Supplementary Materials (If The School Looks at Them) If you’ve had any exciting updates to your application, be sure to highlight them in the letter. If your standardized test scores have improved, send along the official reports. If your grades are up, order new transcripts. Only include these materials if they are relevant to the school you’re applying to. #3: Be Specific Since your letter shouldn’t be that long, focus on specific achievements, like an improved grade. Give the exact details of what you’ve done and how you’ve improved - don’t say that your grades are better, say that you transformed your B in Calculus to an A. Make it easy for the admissions committee to see what you’ve done. In Summary A letter of continued interest is a good way to show the admissions committee that you still want to attend their school. It probably won’t be the one factor to sway your application one way or the other, but it can’t hurt! If you’re deferred or waitlisted at your dream school, take the time to write and send a letter of continued interest. What’s Next? Grades are an important part of a successful college application.This guide to getting a 4.0 GPA will help you plan effective studying habits, giving you a better chance at getting into your dream college. Our guide to college applications will help you understand exactly what schools are looking for. Are you worried about standardized tests and their role in your college application? Read this article to find out when these tests might not matter for you.Also take a look at this list of colleges that don't require SAT scores. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in.

Extended School Year Services (ESY) for Students with Special Needs

Extended School Year Services (ESY) for Students with Special Needs ESY, or Extended School Year, is additional instructional support for students with disabilities, required by the Individuals with Disabilities Act. Why is ESY necessary? Some students with special needs are in jeopardy of not being able to retain the skills they have learned during the school year unless given additional support throughout the summer. Those students eligible for ESY will receive an individualized program to support their learning and retention of skill throughout the summer holidays. What does IDEA say about ESY? Under (34 CFR Part 300) in IDEA Regulations (not the Act): Extended school year services must be provided only if a childs IEP team determines, on an individual basis, in accordance with 300.340-300.350, that the services are necessary for the provision of FAPE to the child. The term extended school year services means special education and related services that- (1) Are provided to a child with a disability- (i) Beyond the normal school year of the public agency;(ii) In accordance with the childs IEP; and(iii) At no cost to the parents of the child; and(2) Meet the standards of the IDEA  Ã‚  (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) How can I determine if a child qualifies? The school, through the IEP team, will decide if the child will qualify for ESY Services. The decision will be based on a variety of factors which include: the childs rate of progressthe degree of impairmentthe childs behavioral and/or physical problemsavailability of resourcesthe vocational and transitional needs of the childthe childs ability to interact with non-disabled childrenand whether the service requested is extraordinary rather than usual in consideration of the childs condition. It is important to remember, the key to qualifying is the childs regression during school breaks, these should be well documented and records or any supporting data should be on hand for the team meeting. The school team will also take into consideration the childs previous history, in other words, did having summer holidays mean re-teaching skills again upon school startup? The school team will look at previous regression. It is important to note that most students dont retain all skills taught, hence a spiraling curriculum. The degree of regression must be relatively extreme to qualify for ESY Services. How much will I have to pay? There is no cost to the parent for ESY. The educational jurisdiction/district will cover the costs. However, not all students with disabilities will qualify. ESY services are provided only if the child meets certain criteria determined by law and the specific districts policy. What are some of the services provided?The services are individualized based on the students needs and will vary. They could include, physical therapy, behavioral support, instructional services, take home packages for parental implementation with consultative services, coaching, small group instruction just to name a few. ESY does not support the learning of new skills but the retention of those already taught. Districts will vary in their form of services offered. Where can I find more information about ESY? You will need to check with your own educational jurisdiction as some states vary in their standards regarding ESY. You will also want to read the section noted above in the IDEA regulations. Be sure to ask your district for a copy of their ESY guidelines. Note, that you should look into this service well in advance of any school break/holiday.

Atomic Number 4 Element Facts

Atomic Number 4 Element Facts Beryllium is the element that is atomic number 4 on the periodic table. It is the first alkaline earth metal, located at the top of the second column or group of the periodic table. Fast Facts: Atomic Number 4 Element Name: BerylliumElement Symbol: BeAtomic Number: 4Atomic Weight: 9.012Classification: Alkaline Earth MetalPhase: Solid MetalAppearance: White-Gray MetallicDiscovered By:  Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1798) Element Facts for Atomic Number 4 The element with atomic number 4 is beryllium, which means each atom of beryllium has 4 protons. A stable atom would have 4 neutrons and 4 electrons. Varying the number of neutrons changes the isotope of beryllium, while varying the number of electrons can make beryllium ions.The symbol for atomic number 4 is Be.Element atomic number 4 was discovered by Louis Nicolas Vauquelin, who also discovered the element chromium. Vauquelin recognized the element in emeralds in 1797.Beryllium is an element found in beryl gemstones, which include emerald, aquamarine, and morganite. The element name comes from the gemstone, as Vauquelin used beryl as the source material when purifying the element.At one time the element was called glucine and had the element symbol Gl, to reflect the sweet taste of the elements salts. Although the element tastes sweet, it is toxic, so you shouldnt eat it! Inhalation beryllium can cause lung cancer. There is no cure for beryllium disease. Interestingly, not everyon e who is exposed to beryllium has a reaction to it. There is a genetic risk factor that causes susceptible individuals to have an allergic inflammatory response to beryllium ions. Beryllium is a lead-gray metal. It is stiff, hard, and nonmagnetic. Its modulus of elasticity is about a third higher than that of steel.Element atomic number 4 is one of the lightest metals. It has the one of the highest melting points of the light metals. It has exceptional thermal conductivity. Beryllium resists oxidation in air and also resists concentrated nitric acid.Beryllium is not found in pure form in nature, but in combination with other elements. It is relatively rare in the Earths crust, found at an abundance of 2 to 6 parts per million. Trace amounts of beryllium are found in seawater and air, with slightly higher levels in freshwater streams.One use of element atomic number 4 is in the production f beryllium copper. This is copper with the addition of a small amount of beryllium, which makes the alloy  six times stronger than it would be as a pure element.Beryllium is used in x-ray tubes because its low atomic weight means it has a low absorption of x-rays.The elemen t is the main ingredient used to make the mirror for NASAs James Webb Space Telescope. Beryllium is an element of military interest, since beryllium foil may be used in the production of nuclear weapons. Beryllium is used in cell phones, cameras, analytical lab equipment, and in the fine-tuning knobs of radios, radar equipment, thermostats, and lasers. It is a p-type dopant in semiconductors, which makes the element critically important for electronics. Beryllium oxide is an excellent thermal conductor and electrical insulator. The elements rigidity and low weight make it ideal for speaker drivers. However, expense and toxicity limits its use to high-end speaker systems.Element number 4 is produced by three countries at present: the United States, China, and Kazakhstan. Russia is returning to beryllium production after a 20-year break. Extracting the element from its ore is difficult because of how readily it reacts with oxygen. Usually, beryllium is obtained from beryl. Beryl is sintered by heating it with sodium fluorosilicate and soda. The sodium fluoroberyllate from sintering is reacted with sodium hydroxide to form beryllium hydroxide  Beryllium hydroxide is converted to beryl lium fluoride or beryllium chloride, from which beryllium metal is obtained by electrolysis. In addition to the sintering method, a melt method may be used to produce beryllium hydroxide. Sources Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 14.48.  Meija, J.; et al. (2016). Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91.Weast, Robert (1984).  CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp.  E110.

Can international organisations be effective in moderating Essay

Can international organisations be effective in moderating international insecurity - Essay Example By pool their resources, nations easily reach for their set goals. A good example is a nation with raw materials but has no sufficient machinery and/or man power to process. As the saying goes, necessity is the mother of invention nations has realized the immense need to form organizations which will be enhance security and promote good relations among nations. This in return will create a friendly environment  activity that can be carried out in ease. Different forums have been created to discuss a variety of issues such as transportation, peace keeping, human rights and businesses among many others (Babione, 2007). Security concerns all over the world are high on the political agenda. This is as a result of the widespread perception that current security situation is continuously threatened by malicious acts, which are in most cases, intentional and a good example is terrorism attacks. Measures to improve and maintain security are he in place .major Events such as the 9/11 attack s triggered strong actions to improve security all over the world. As a result, security must be ensured in the transport sector since many vehicles and transport facilities are the main targets for terrorists due to concentration of potential victims. In addition, transport in one way or the other can acts as a conveyor for attacks by terrorists. This are evidenced from the reported cases in which weapons are moved into ports or airplanes are turned into weapons as in the 9/11 case. The greatest challenges are protecting the potential targets and maintaining smooth operations in the transportation sector. The cost of damage from a potential damage from terrorism cause substantial loss to the economic set up. On the other hand, the cost of improved security is equally high. Careful appraisal policy, therefore, makes sure that scarce resources are put into good use. However, cost-benefit analysis is difficult to handle while dealing with security issues because of the uncertain natur e involved. We can hardly determine the probability of attacks by terrorists on any of the means of transportation. Terrorism can thus be hindered by cooperation of states and continents. A good example is the International Transport Forum which is an inter-governmental organization within the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) group. It is an outstanding global platform for all concerned transport makers and stakeholders. Its main aim is to serve political leaders and the public at large to develop a better understanding the role transport takes in social and economic aspects. They are, thus, very effective in moderating international security. International courts include International Criminal Court among others. They are created with the aim of promoting peace by way of solving international matters, which mainly result from conflict of interest. In 1993 and 1994, the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) and the International Criminal Tribu nal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) were established to try and apprehend individuals suspected of committing crimes against humanity including genocide. Since the end of World War 2, the 1990s witnessed the greatest advancement of international humanitarian law. The successes and failures

Human Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Human Resources - Essay Example This paper discusses the major staffing factors that contribute to poor performance by the employees and how one would assess whether the perceived dismal performance resulted from a training problem (DuBrin, 2009).   Perhaps one of the major causes of dismal employee performance is the absence of clear job descriptions that causes disorganizations especially within manufacturing industries. Marchington & Wilkinson (2006) note that when job roles are unclear, communication issues are bound to arise thus setting the stage for a myriad of performance related issues within the organization. Although unclear understanding of the obligations of the staff may lead to confusion at work, it may also cause job overlap where one job role is assigned to more than one person. This staffing problem according to DuBrin (2009) normally manifests when employees cannot fathom what their respective employers and managers expect of them in addition to being clueless about their personal limits at wor k. This is mainly because chance could be that some of the responsibilities that employees grapple with on a daily basis are not in their job description and thus could be causing them unnecessary burden that could adversely affect their performance at work. The best strategies for mitigating this problem include updating job description, training employees on teambuilding, and redesigning the job roles (Marchington & Wilkinson, 2006).   Moreover, recruitment and selection issues could lead to compromise in the quality of performance by the employees at their respective workstations. In many occasions, staffing problems begin at the time of recruitment and selection where the HR Managers could mismatch the employee and the job, or there could be job oversold for example the suggestions of nonexistent career advancement, over-qualification of the prospective workers, and the under-mention of the perceived uninteresting aspects of the job (DuBrin, 2009). This situation often leads t o job alienation on the side of the employees, which often affect their overall performance within a given industry. When employees discover some aspects about the job that they were unaware of at the time of the recruitment, they feel demoralized by the perceived dishonesty on the part of their employers. Therefore, many approach their job roles from an indifferent perspective, or they could simply harbor the intention of sending a strong message to their employers by ensuring poor performance (Marchington & Wilkinson, 2006).  However, there are strategies to deal with recruitment issues that tend to derail the performance objectives of the company. These may include the review of the procedures and processes of recruitment, and retraining the staff involved with recruitment on the job descriptions as well as updating the job specifications and descriptions. Promotion problems could lead to below par performance by employees especially in situations where the staffs receive undes erving job offers and promotions. In occasions where the company promotes its staff to a level beyond their capabilities or the staffs get earlier than usual job promotions, such

Customer Service Representative Policy Assignment

Customer Service Representative Policy - Assignment Example Customer care representatives should ensure they offer clients beyond their anticipations if they intend to retain them in the business and continue to enjoy greater returns in the business. Therefore, customer care representatives should establish close ties with clients in order to promote customer loyalty to the company. Managers should establish a policy of providing training to the customer care representatives in order to ensure excellent services and products to their clients. The customer service representatives in the hospitality industry should promote unity at work in order to ensure excellent delivery of services to their clients (Kahle & Riley 2004). This is because when employees work together as a team, they will be able to solve any issue that may be affecting their clients, and also instil confidence in the visitors hence promoting customer loyalty. The business policy should ensure that all needs of the clients are giving priority to anything else. The management should train their customer care staff to take into consideration all the issues raised by the clients no matter how petty they seem to be. This will not only make clients feel appreciated but will also make them get more than what they anticipated. Failure to provide clients with products and services that suit their specifications will cause them to seek the same elsewhere (Kitchen & Pelsmacker 2004). In addition, customer care representatives should ensure that clients perceive the o rganization to be what it claims to be. They should inquire from the clients about the nature of services and products they expect to get from the company and also ask them to suggest what they would like to be included in the products and services in order to satisfy their needs. The customer service policy should state the objectives of the customer service. The customer care should offer excellent services to their clients and respond to their requests promptly (Barry 2007). The policy should offer an opportunity for training the customer care representatives and define the approach for rewarding them based on the effort they put to serve the clients.  

Book Report on Clear Your Clutter with Feng Shui Essay

Book Report on Clear Your Clutter with Feng Shui - Essay Example Instead of accumulating objects or bad emotions, Kingston urges her readers to free themselves from this wasted space and embrace a freer, easier way of being. She urges readers to reorder their lives and seek a new way of grounding themselves in reality. She suggests that his way of thinking is very easy to adopt and very cost effective. What did I think of this book? This is one of a thousand different lifestyle books out there in the marketplace. I didn’t find it very convincing and I found many of its ideas were just common sense dressed up as something supposedly special. While I agree with the general principle that people should not be packrats and collect junk that is useless to their lives and that the excessive accumulation of things can even prove to be a fire hazard, I don’t think that eliminating such things will radically alter a person’s lifestyle. People are who they are; most self help books simply suggest they make superficial changes without addressing the serious problems many people have. Most books like this promise huge life changes by doing one or two small things. People love these books because they are essentially lazy and lack an introspective spirit. They are always waiting around hoping to be told by the latest guru what they should do to fixed their messed up lives. Simpler, more appropriate advice would probably be: take a shower, work out, get a job. Cleaning up your apartment so that you’re not surrounded by empty pizza boxes and beer bottles is probably a good idea too. Opening up a window to clear the air is probably a good idea. This is common sense, not something a person should pay for or be told is expertise of some sort. The idea of not holding onto the past is also a frequent theme of self-help books. Once again, this idea is usually surrounded by a bunch of pseudo-scientific ideas like positive

Organization public health slp 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organization public health slp 1 - Essay Example (NCI, 2008) The estimated 2007 US colon cancer patient is roughly 112,340 men and 55,290 women. (American Cancer Society, 2007) In general, more 28,180 women have died from colon cancer as compared to 26,000 men. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006) On the contrary, more men with 26,991 have died from the disease as compared to women with 26,669 back in 2004. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004) In general, the survival rate of the American White and African American is 66% and 54% respectively. (National Cancer Institute, 2006) A person’s age, family history, personal medical history, diet, polyps or non-cancerous cells, ulcerative colitis, and lifestyle such as excessive smoking and alcohol consumption are the common risk factors related to the development of colon cancer. (NIH Senior Health, 2007; Zeller et al., 2006; Giovannucci & Brigham, 2001; Halvorsen et al., 1999) Lifestyle and diet significantly triggers the possibility of developing colon cancer. In line with this matter, a past study shows that there is a significant relationship between the reduction of folate intake and the increase in alcohol consumption with the increase risk for colon cancer. (Giovannucci et al., 1995) This is because of the fact that folate acts as the regulator of oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression through the DNA methylation. Aside from allowing causing a free radical damage to the colon cells, excessive alcohol consumption reduces the folate that is store in the human body. (Wheeler, 2003) When colon cancer is detected, colorectal cancer care is treated with the use of chemotherapy, surgery or radiation therapy. (Dominitz et al., 1998) To minimize the number of death, there is a need for health care workers to assess the risk factors such as age in order to provide the patients with necessary treatment and care. (Seifeldin & Hantsch, 1999) The problem with

Book Report on Clear Your Clutter with Feng Shui Essay

Book Report on Clear Your Clutter with Feng Shui - Essay Example Instead of accumulating objects or bad emotions, Kingston urges her readers to free themselves from this wasted space and embrace a freer, easier way of being. She urges readers to reorder their lives and seek a new way of grounding themselves in reality. She suggests that his way of thinking is very easy to adopt and very cost effective. What did I think of this book? This is one of a thousand different lifestyle books out there in the marketplace. I didn’t find it very convincing and I found many of its ideas were just common sense dressed up as something supposedly special. While I agree with the general principle that people should not be packrats and collect junk that is useless to their lives and that the excessive accumulation of things can even prove to be a fire hazard, I don’t think that eliminating such things will radically alter a person’s lifestyle. People are who they are; most self help books simply suggest they make superficial changes without addressing the serious problems many people have. Most books like this promise huge life changes by doing one or two small things. People love these books because they are essentially lazy and lack an introspective spirit. They are always waiting around hoping to be told by the latest guru what they should do to fixed their messed up lives. Simpler, more appropriate advice would probably be: take a shower, work out, get a job. Cleaning up your apartment so that you’re not surrounded by empty pizza boxes and beer bottles is probably a good idea too. Opening up a window to clear the air is probably a good idea. This is common sense, not something a person should pay for or be told is expertise of some sort. The idea of not holding onto the past is also a frequent theme of self-help books. Once again, this idea is usually surrounded by a bunch of pseudo-scientific ideas like positive

Fundamental of International Buisness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fundamental of International Buisness - Essay Example Investors are gaining confidence despite natural disasters and bombings due to the opportunities presented in the economic reforms. The Indonesian Rupiah is gaining strength against the dollars although its stability cannot really be gauged as of the present. With the country's membership to global organizations such as APEC, GATT/WTO and the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (AFTA), several trade barrier laws have been eliminated and import tariff has been considerably reduced. Even the processing of licensing requirements has been made easier and faster as they move towards the creation of investor-friendly environment. Several major sea and air ports have been opened and free trading zones have been established. Since government is extending its full support to its Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) arm, investors can expect a more relaxed and positive atmosphere as they put up businesses in Indonesia. Bureaucratic red tape is still existent, though, so this is one of the things that we wil l have to deal with as it can definitely affect our time plan and even our budget. The country's location is ideal for trading because it is between Asia and Australia. There lies a big potential for marketing our product especially to countries such as China, Philippines, Malaysia, and of course, Australia.

Body Image and the “Double Bind” Essay Example for Free

Body Image and the â€Å"Double Bind† Essay Society and mass media has always been in charge of creating and setting standards and categorizations by which America and the rest of the world is supposed to live by and live up to. In this country, image is of the utmost importance, and who we presume to be is more important than who we actually are. How we view ourselves, and how we think we should look like is largely affected by society in its creation of the â€Å"ideal† men and women. But it is mostly women, who appear to be on the receiving end of such â€Å"ideal† standards which society imposes on the rest of us on a daily basis, through magazines, television shows, commercial ads, and practically the whole of mass media. I talked to my friend, Seunghye Lee, regarding this issue, and her answers provided a significant but alarming insight on the effect mass media has on women of every race and culture, and the unfortunate success which the said system apparently has on influencing womens standards regarding self image and body issues. Seunghye Lee, as evident from her name, is Korean. After graduating from elementary school in Korea, she left for the United States, and has since been studying in this country. She is now twenty years old, majoring in biology, with a minor in psychology. But Seunghye is considering shifting to chemistry because she believes the field requires a greater amount of logical thinking, as opposed to plain memorization, which, from experience, she believes is what biology is limiting her to. Despite the length of time she has been staying in America, and how she appears very American, Seunghye understands a lot about her roots and the Korean culture. I met her at the main library for interview, and appearing relatively tall, healthy, as well as cheerful and with a sunny and optimistic view and disposition, I did not think she would be affected by the oppressive standards of media, nor would she feel bad about her body. I was wrong. When asked how she feels about her body, Seunghye replies, â€Å"I feel like I need to lose a little bit of weight because since I entered college, I gained some weight. People say that I am pretty tall, and I look healthy. † She confesses to feeling more conscious of her body when she turns to fashion magazines like Cosmopolitan, and admits wanting to hit the gym more often when she looks at images of beautiful and skinny girls on the magazine. But since shes entered college, shes had fewer times in which she needed to look at magazines anymore. Like probably most adolescents and women of her age, Seunghye feels that she needs to lose weight, even when peeople tell her that she has a relatively normal and healthy body. Her idea of happiness, where her physical features, and wher body is concerned, is â€Å"losing a few pounds† and â€Å"having a toned body. † But unlike others, she believes in exercise, work-outs, and hitting the gym, as a healthier means of losing weight, as opposed to starving oneself to death by not eating. When asked ultimately, if women today feel pressured, and if she feel pressured regarding her body image, Seunghye relates, â€Å"Yes, yes it affects me. Im pressured to not look fat. † Despite such statement, she admits, â€Å"I do not want to be too skinny, but I want to be fit and toned. It would be nice to have a body like Angelina Jolie. † It is clear from Seunghyes response, and by the way the rest of adolescent women across America choose to dress, or behave, and regard themselves, that body issues and image affects all involved. Mass media unfortunately exploits this particular weakness which most, if not, all of us are prone to falling trap into. Women are torn in the â€Å"double bind,† between standards set by society which dictates we should be â€Å"sexy† and â€Å"feminine† by wearing the type of clothes designers choose to put on models and celebrities, and in conventional standards which asks that we should also appear â€Å"chaste† and â€Å"virginal. † How we should regard and relate to our body should not be affected by the crassness of images and ideas being peddled by media. There exists a struggle and a need to break free from these standards, stereotypes, and maybe even cliches, regarding our body images. We need to create our own standards and not let media, society, or any system force feed ideologies regarding how we should act and who we are to become: for our sake, and for the benefit of all involved.

The Traditional Malay House

The Traditional Malay House This study is to analyze the modern traditional vernacular Malay house. How is the origin Malay house being transform into modern vernacular houses and what is the effect of contemporary materials. The kampong Baru is located in the capital city of Malaysia, Kuala lumpur. This is a reserved area for the Malay ethnic groups. From the case study will found out the climatic effect of using contemporary materials in the traditional Malay house by the following questions: 1: How is the climate of Malaysia? 2: How did the climatic factors of Malaysia influence the design of the traditional vernacular Malay house? 3: How did the traditional vernacular Malay house being modernization? 4: What are the climatic effects on the modern vernacular Malay house? Introduction In this paper, is to study and analyze the influences of Malaysia climatic factors on the design of the traditional vernacular Malay houses. Basically it is part of the research on the climatic effects on the contemporary construction materials in the traditional vernacular Malay houses in Malaysia. The study is more focused on the adaption of the local climate on the traditional vernacular Malay houses and how the building was transformed into modern vernacular Malay houses through the modernization process also the effects of using modern construction materials in the modern vernacular Malay houses. During the early 20th century, modernization and colonization periods the British had brought multiracial immigrants into Malaya. Then, Malaysia defines as a multiracial country that included Malays, Chinese, Indian and others. During the colonization period, multiracial group is staying separately. The majority staying in countryside mostly is Malays group and the Chinese and Indian were staying in the city. The Malay racial group depends heavily on the environment. Villages can be established even a single traditional Malay house and the additional houses came later. Normally, the buildings that built closely together were usually family members. The most significant characteristics of traditional vernacular Malay house are the adaption natural climatic factors in Malaysia. The traditional vernacular Malay house defines as a richest component of Malaysia cultural heritage. The buildings built with local materials and local techniques. Mostly, the occupant will participated in the process of design and construct, it is to manifest the aesthetic skills of the Malays. The site planning of the building based largely on Islamic beliefs and its environment. The layout was split into two parts, front and back yards. Obviously, front part will be the welcoming guest area and it is decorated with different types of ornamental plants and flowers. Back yard is the area linked to kitchen and washroom and it is placed near water, as the kitchen needs intense water usage. The marital status also reflected the architectural style of the building because of the Islamic beliefs. The house form had developed and modified over a long period to satisfy most of the cultural, occupants needs and circumstances changes. The traditional Malay houses are bamboo or timber houses raised on stilts (timber). The building mostly is a post and lintel structure with timber or bamboo walls and a thatched gabled shape roof. There are always large openings on the sides of the building to providing good ventilation. From a distance the traditional Malay house seems to integrate naturally with the environment. The large gabled shape roofs, dominates the low walls and with different orientations and sizes created an interesting visual form. Overall the Malay house is designed to cater the local climatic factors by various ventilation and local materials that are low thermal capacity materials. Besides the well adaption to the environment, the design of the traditional Malay houses are flexible is to cater the needs of user and it evolved a building system called prefabricated. Th e building has developed a sophisticated addition system that allows the building can be easily extended with the needs of the occupants. There were various traditional Malay house forms can be found in Peninsular Malaysia. Normally, they classified based on the shapes of roof. The basic forms of Malay house are called the bumbung panjang, bumbung lima, bumbung limas and bumbung perak. The most common design of the Malay house form was bumbung panjang that with a simple long gable roof, supported by the main posts. The bumbung panjang is the simplest one of the four roof shapes and it is an oldest identified in Malaysia. The bumbung panjang form became most popularity used on the Malay house among the poorer users and those built the buildings by themselves. Due to the bumbung panjang house form, it is simplicity and become a very efficient roof shape for the building. Mostly the material used for the bumbung panjang is attap. Attap is a thatch covered and tied together with nipah and others palm trees that can easily found in the local area. The simple funnel shape of bumbung panjang roof is a very efficient in ventil ation properties. The roof can cools the house effectively is because of using the ventilation grilles at the ends of the gable called tebarlayar and the ventilation joints to provide better ventilation. Besides the bumbung panjang, the bumbung lima, bumbung limas, and bumbung perak are all not origin tradition roof shapes, it has modified and developed through foreign influence. Furthermore, the bumbung lima Malay house always with a hipped roof, the bumbung perak Malay house form always with a gambrel roof and the bumbung limas house always with a pyramidal roof. Hence, they are two type of houses believed that were influenced by Dutch and British architecture during the colonization. Lastly the bumbung perak house form also known as the bumbung potongan Belanda which is a type of Dutch roof and it is a famous roof in East Coast. Originally, spaces in traditional Malay houses can be separated into front part and back portion. Therefore, the core house (rumah ibu) or main area must be at the front and the kitchen (Dapur Rumah Tengah) area will be on the back portions of the house. The selang is a closed walkway covered by leaves and used to be a linking device for the front and back portions. The selang is providing good ventilation and natural sunlight entering the house. Besides the location of the side entrance to the kitchen, it is also a space for womenfolk to socialize and chat. Most of the traditional Malay houses entrance there will be a covered porch called the anjung that acts as a transition place between the private and public spaces. The anjung will only used to entertain the unfamiliar visitors and it is a favorite space for the users to chat and rest. This floor was approximately 0.5 to 1 meter lower than the rumah ibu floor level. Beside the anjung was a hanging verandah (serambi gantung) wher e most of the guests will be entertained here and it is a one step down from the main house around 15 centimeters. The openings in the serambi gantung provide good views to outside and allowing natural ventilation entering the place where usually occurred daily activities. At the serambi gantung area can easily observed the embellishments like carving and grill of openings, balustrades and wall panels. Next to serambi gantung was the rumah ibu, which is the core area and it is the largest area and can defined as multi purpose area for most activities were conducted here. The rumah ibu floor level was the highest and cleanliness area white the kitchen (dapur) was the lowest level and untidy area of the house. The main characteristics of traditional Malay vernacular houses are it is well designed to cater the Malaysia climate. From the Malay houses we can notice it is designed with a very good understanding for nature. In the traditional Malay societies, the villagers were directly obtain most of the resources from the natural environment for theirs building materials, food and medicines. To understand better on the influences of local climatic factors on the Malay houses, must first understand the local climate, thermal requirements comfort and the conditions of the environment that the building will build. Malaysia is located in central South-East Asia and has a tropical weather. Due to the latitude and longitude, it gives Malaysia a warm humid equatorial that influenced by monsoonal climate. The monsoon climate here comes twice a year, the first monsoon season comes during the summer season and the other comes during winter season. The differences between the two monsoon season are summ er season bring lots of rainfalls and winter monsoon does not brings rain and is generally dry. The annual rainfall was averaging 80 inches to 100 inches. Furthermore, the climate here gives hot summer and high humidity throughout the year. The temperature here holds around 24 Celsius to 34 Celsius, which gives warm days and fairy cool nights. The annual humidity level was averaging about 75% or above. The high humidity climate causes the very high water vapour in the air. It can filter the solar radiation but it also speeded up the rotting, and the growth of algae. The local wind only comes in from northeast and southwest these two directions. Normally winds are in low variable speed, high variable speed wind will only occur when rain. Hence, the local climatic factors here were high temperatures, humidity and solar radiation. Based on the local climatic factors the building built here should able to achieve the thermal comfort. Therefore, rain, floods and strong winds must be control to achieve thermal comfort in Malaysia Malay houses. For thermal comfort, heat will produce from the human activities and metabolic process. The metabolic process will balance and maintain the body temperature (37celcius). The heat will release during the metabolism process of conversion of good into energy. The heat loss through convection, conduction and radiation can be negligible is due to the local temperature are almost same as the body temperature. Similarly, the perspiration is reduced and the body temperature is decreasing because of the high humidity. The saturated air envelope blocks the evaporation from the human body and it is easily form especially in humid climate. In the building ventilation is important because air fl owing can removed the saturated air envelope in order to accelerate evaporation. Similarity, a building without any ventilation, it will increase the temperature and humidity to an uncomfortable conditions. The main sources of body heat gaining are the local climatic factors conduction from the building fabric. Direct solar radiation is the main sources of body heat gaining, thus the proper design of controlling the direct solar radiation entering the building is the most important to achieve thermal comfort. Besides that, the type of materials used is one of the major sources because the high thermal capacity materials will absorbed heat and emitted to the interiors buildings. Therefore, heat gain from solar radiation must be minimized and maximized the ventilation in order to achieve the human thermal comfort in the house. Obviously, the traditional Malay vernacular house is well local climatic control building and it also influences by the local climatic factors. A local design of Malay house must have the following factors must raised up on stilts (timber), large opening on side, use low thermal capacity building materials (wood,timber,rattan,bamboo), controlling the direct sun radiation, a long thatched steep gable roof by attap , site planning and site layout. From the design of traditional Malay vernacular house, it is a very appropriate design to cater the tropical climate of Malaysia and it is more suitable to the Malaysia climate compared to the modern brick house. The raised up floor in traditional Malay house is maximizing the ventilation in the house as well as preventing the monsoonal rain floods. The raised floor is hardly seen in most modern house and the quality of openness in the building is shown by the voids in its window, ventilation grills, the open raised up bottom and the open int eriors. There are various features providing effective ventilation in Malay house. The purpose of elevated the floor on stilts is to catch high velocity of winds and the interiors with minimum partitions is to maximize the cross ventilation occur in the building. Normally, full-length opening and fully adjustable windows or louvers will surround the traditional Malay house. The carved panels on the top of the windows and wooden grilles also an important ventilation device. Behind the ventilation, the craving on wooden panels controlled the glare entering the house and it also representing the Islamic scripts. There are two effective ventilation devices on a simple gable roof. They are the sail-like gable-end (tebar layar) of the roof and the ventilation joints called patah both are very effective ventilation to direct air to ventilate the roof space. The houses in village are randomly arranged and planting the tree wisely around the house to allow natural flow through the building a nd integrated harmoniously with nature. The Malay house mostly built far apart for future extension to fulfill the needs of occupant. In the traditional Malay house, there are more voids than mass and it is a lightweight construction using natural materials to cater the local climate. The natural materials define as low thermal capacity materials and it is a very good in insulating. The long thatched roof with large overhands in traditional Malay house has reduced the solar radiation and it also designed to reduce direct sunlight. The low walls and large overhangs in Malay house, it make the shading easier and reduced the solar radiation also the glare from he open skies. Besides providing good shading, the large overhangs also gives protection against driving rain. The walls and overhangs have allowed the windows to be open in different situation weather. In addition, the external environment of Malay house mostly covered and shaded with trees or vegetation. This provides a cooler environment and lessened the reflective of glare for the house to set in. Traditionally, most of the Malay houses are oriented to face East-West for religious reasons and reduces direct exposure to heat from direct solar radiation. Nowadays, most of the traditional vernacular Malay houses are being transforming into modern Malay house throughout the modernization period. The Malay houses were modernized due to the stress from urban redevelopment and sociality changes. The new Malay houses has different spatial layout also the used of construction materials and technique. Based on the case studies, the Malay houses in the kampong bharu were transformed the roof, wall, pillar and window. The external environment has also changes is hardly to see high and tall trees only short trees are planted there due to the limited space of the compound. The short and small trees also blocked most of the natural airflow passes through the house. Besides the changes of external environment, the interior of Malay houses was transformed into more walls to divide the rooms and spaces. The cross ventilation and natural air movement were reduced due to the mass partitioning walls inside the house. As I mentioned above, the roof is the most significant feature because the Malay house were categorized based on their roof types. The Malay house in the kampong mostly used bumbung panjang compared than the other 3 types of roof. This is because the type of roof is easier to construct and cheaper. From the site I have found some houses actually using different roof for theirs main and secondary roofs. The most famous combination types of roof in kampong are bumbung perak with bumbung panjang and bumbung panjang with bumbung panjang. The long gable steep roof has become gentler for the sloping degrees and regarding the tebar layar on the gable ends of the roof were modified the design or closed with wall panels. Traditionally, attap or wooden shingles were the main materials of the roof but generally now modern construction materials were often used than the traditional materials. Besides the transformation of roof, the walls and the openings also modified due to introduce of new arc hitecture during the colonization period. The traditional wall is made by bamboo and the traditional arrangements of wallboard were totally modified. The shuttered windows on the wall are one of the significant features to show the characteristic of Malay house. The faade of the Malay house can be separated into 3 parts, the carved wooden panels providing better ventilation mostly at the top part above the window, while the window or adjustable louvers always built at the middle and bottom parts. There are some Malay house walls still using the timber board but in the modern construction brick walls are replaced the traditional bamboo or timber board wall is due to the maintenance and long lasting problems. There are 3 main types of windows such as the short window (tingkap), the tall window (jendela) and the punched window. The aesthetic wooden balustrades behind the windows are being used for safety purposes. In origin of window pattern, the jendela and tiangkap window have a key feature to classify the windows pattern called Jenang pintu. Although, the windows in Malay house has the traditional elements but the proportion of the window has modified to slimmer and became closer of the gap between the windows. The western punched glass window was adopted modern glass louvers to maximizing the ventilation while maintaining the safety of the house. The traditional stilts are no longer in use since pillars are a very important structural to support load from the house. In general, the brick and reinforced concrete pillar were often used, with the increasing of concrete pillar heights spaces of underneath became more efficient. In the modern vernacular Malay house only used concrete pillars and the underneath is usually walled to fulfill the needs of user. The transformation of wooden pillars to concrete pillars is due to the concrete pillars is more suitable for supporting the loads. After brought in the modern construction materials like zinc, cement, brick, glazing and aluminum louvers window into traditional Malay house has modified the traditional house forms and side effects of the high thermal capacity materials. The high thermal capacity materials are not suitable in local climate example like the zinc and asbestos roofs in Malay houses are generated more noise during the rains fall and gives a very hot interiors during the day. Besides the climatic effects the used of modern materials also causes the diminishing of traditional aesthetic skills and techniques of creating the complicated thatched attap roof. Other than used of zinc and asbestos materials, the bricks, cement and concrete are better materials use for creating walls especially the wet area parts and stronger structures for the house. Some of the Malay house has a closed underneath to create the house to double-storey house. Such change has transformed the light and airy Malay house into solid looking building. The full-length wooden window has been replace by the adjustable glass louvers window with aluminum frames. The louvers window has modified the traditional windows into smaller and closed the bottom part of the window. It causes the less efficiency of ventilation. The iron bar in louver window is for safety purpose but it totally destroyed the quality of openness in traditional Malay house. Throughout the studies, the traditional vernacular Malay house was design to cater the local climate and it is one of the richest components of Malaysia cultural heritage. Besides the adaption of local climatic factors the houses also reflected the Islamic belief. The houses were developed and modified until it satisfies the user. Based on the research they are various house form in Malaysia, they only can be classified based on the roof types. Overall the traditional Malay house was adapted to the local climate and it is design such as random spatial layout, raised up floor, full-length windows and high-insulated roof. The shading tress and vegetation around the house also helps to cool down the temperature in the house. The orientation of house facing to east and west was influences by the religions reason and it helps reduced the direct sun light radiation. In the modern vernacular Malay house was transformed and modified to fulfill the needs of occupant but it still maintained the traditional roof shapes. The used of modern materials was directly changed the house form and brought climatic effects into the house. Secondly, introduce of modern materials the lightweight construction Malay house has transformed into more solid looking building and it also causes the diminishing of traditional skills. Overall, the sustainably in modern vernacular Malay house was transformed and also the traditional house forms were changed.

A Clean Well-Lighted Place Essay -- A Clean Well Lighted Place Ernest

A Clean Well-Lighted Place A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway looks at age from the viewpoint of an inexperienced and experienced individual, with the aid of an old man to emphasize the difference between the two. This story takes place late one night in a caf. The caf is clean, pleasant, and well lighted, which brings some kind of comfort to the atmosphere. Here in the caf sits a deaf, lonely, older man, who although is deaf can feel the difference that the night brings to the caf, a younger waiter, who believes people stay around the caf to make his life miserable, and a waiter who is a bit older and seems to understand that this place, the caf, is comforting. The older man spends his late nights in the caf, because at his home there is nobody, he is widowed. All he has is the comfort that the light inside the caf brings to him at night, and the appearance and thought of other human beings may bring him. The old man is under the care of his niece, who last week had to cut him down from his attem pting to commit suicide. Why did he attempt to kill himself? He was in despair. Stated one waiter, and I am assuming it is the younger waiter because he goes on to state that he was in despair over nothing because he has plenty money. Money would be the answer to any problem to an individual of youth because when one is younger he/she has not yet come to realize the importance of relationships. The older waiter shows us the importance of relationships by stating, Each night I am reluctant to close up because there may be some one who needs the caf. This appearing to mean that he knows that there are many lonely people in the world without relationships and no one to turn to in time of need or having some one to just be ... ...per meanings. Looking at my critical approach New historicism and comparing it with my piece A Clean Well-Lighted Place, only from the point of view of a new historicist without doing any additional research into the ties or times of the author I believe I have a well understanding of what it means to be a new historicist and how it applies to my piece that I have chose. I tend to think that knowing more about Hemingway and the life he led might give me a better understanding of his reasons for writing A Clean Well-Lighted Place. The meaning of Hemingways piece also will differ greatly across cultures and how it is a particular society looks at the differences in age and communication factors. . Work Cited Hemingway, Ernest. A Clean Well-Lighted Place Literature Reading and Writing The human Experience. Donna Erickson. New York: St. Martins press, 1998. 115

The Mystery of Edwin Drood by Charles Dickens Essay -- essays research

â€Å"It has often been remarked that woman have a curious power of divining the characters of men†(75). This quotation from The Mystery of Edwin Drood by Charles Dickens reflects the opposite of what a typical Dickensian society is supposedly based upon. In this standard society, the plot would be based around the life of a dominant male. Although the title reflects a male name, the movement in the novel is directly related to the exploits of a particular character, Rosa Bud. Fondly called Rosebud by her peers, she is the apple of every man’s eye and the envy of every woman’s. She takes control in the plot not because she evidences forceful or masculine qualities, but because the powerful characters in Cloisterham, males, are all in love or feel a kinship to Rosebud. The power is therefore transferred into her hands as a result of her ability to influence these characters through their love and admiration for her. Attending school at a nunnery, Rosa’s female friends rarely have any contact with men. Through her betrothal to Edwin Drood, Rosa is the only woman within the nunnery that has a man to court her. She is the only woman mentioned, in the nunnery, that is going to be married off to a man, not God. Rosa capitalizes on this situation by leading the other girls in the nunnery to be her â€Å"poor pets†(118). She realizes that the girls as well as the head of the school, Miss Twinkleton, who describes Rosa as her â€Å"pet pupil†(14), look at her to be the embodiment of romance because of her prospective marriage. Miss Twinkleton and the girls live their love lives through Rosa, â€Å"over her shoulder†(51). Rosa feeds into the situation by making sure that the girls are watching her and letting Edwin know that they â€Å"must get married . . . the poor girls would be so dreadfully disappointed† (17). She uses her power over Edwin, which is given through l ove and devotion to her and both of their parent’s wishes for them to be married, as a way to stay in control at the nunnery. She is the object of the gaze to all of the girls and Miss Twinkleton, â€Å"nothing escapes their notice†(18). Realizing that she is the object of their gaze, she remains in control by showing the girls what she has with Edwin from afar. The girls are under the impression that Edwin and Rosa are in a perfect relationship when, in actuality Rosa decides that they have to â€Å"pretend that you (Edwin) are engag... ...t can be said from the information gathered that Rosa tries to keep bits of information from people so that she is the only one that has all of the control. The squabble that occurs between Neville and Edwin is a result that Neville feels that Edwin does not appreciate Rosa and his â€Å"good fortune that is not by any means necessarily a result of his good merits†(60). Neville has affection for Rosa after just meeting her a few nights ago. The argument results in Neville flinging his â€Å"dregs of wine at Edwin Drood†(61). This scene reflects Rosa’s ability to take new people that come to Cloisterham and get them to instantly feel a kinship to her. She has the capacity to force Neville into â€Å"rising in a fury†(61), after just recently meeting him. The plot line in The Mystery of Edwin Drood, although written in the 19th century, reflects the life of Rose Bud. Though she does not appear to be the main character in the novel, the plot revolves around her actions and opinions. Her secrecy about certain things to different characters enables her to accomplish this. Every other character’s fascination with her makes it easy for her to make allies and create confidant, all working in her favor. The Mystery of Edwin Drood by Charles Dickens Essay -- essays research â€Å"It has often been remarked that woman have a curious power of divining the characters of men†(75). This quotation from The Mystery of Edwin Drood by Charles Dickens reflects the opposite of what a typical Dickensian society is supposedly based upon. In this standard society, the plot would be based around the life of a dominant male. Although the title reflects a male name, the movement in the novel is directly related to the exploits of a particular character, Rosa Bud. Fondly called Rosebud by her peers, she is the apple of every man’s eye and the envy of every woman’s. She takes control in the plot not because she evidences forceful or masculine qualities, but because the powerful characters in Cloisterham, males, are all in love or feel a kinship to Rosebud. The power is therefore transferred into her hands as a result of her ability to influence these characters through their love and admiration for her. Attending school at a nunnery, Rosa’s female friends rarely have any contact with men. Through her betrothal to Edwin Drood, Rosa is the only woman within the nunnery that has a man to court her. She is the only woman mentioned, in the nunnery, that is going to be married off to a man, not God. Rosa capitalizes on this situation by leading the other girls in the nunnery to be her â€Å"poor pets†(118). She realizes that the girls as well as the head of the school, Miss Twinkleton, who describes Rosa as her â€Å"pet pupil†(14), look at her to be the embodiment of romance because of her prospective marriage. Miss Twinkleton and the girls live their love lives through Rosa, â€Å"over her shoulder†(51). Rosa feeds into the situation by making sure that the girls are watching her and letting Edwin know that they â€Å"must get married . . . the poor girls would be so dreadfully disappointed† (17). She uses her power over Edwin, which is given through l ove and devotion to her and both of their parent’s wishes for them to be married, as a way to stay in control at the nunnery. She is the object of the gaze to all of the girls and Miss Twinkleton, â€Å"nothing escapes their notice†(18). Realizing that she is the object of their gaze, she remains in control by showing the girls what she has with Edwin from afar. The girls are under the impression that Edwin and Rosa are in a perfect relationship when, in actuality Rosa decides that they have to â€Å"pretend that you (Edwin) are engag... ...t can be said from the information gathered that Rosa tries to keep bits of information from people so that she is the only one that has all of the control. The squabble that occurs between Neville and Edwin is a result that Neville feels that Edwin does not appreciate Rosa and his â€Å"good fortune that is not by any means necessarily a result of his good merits†(60). Neville has affection for Rosa after just meeting her a few nights ago. The argument results in Neville flinging his â€Å"dregs of wine at Edwin Drood†(61). This scene reflects Rosa’s ability to take new people that come to Cloisterham and get them to instantly feel a kinship to her. She has the capacity to force Neville into â€Å"rising in a fury†(61), after just recently meeting him. The plot line in The Mystery of Edwin Drood, although written in the 19th century, reflects the life of Rose Bud. Though she does not appear to be the main character in the novel, the plot revolves around her actions and opinions. Her secrecy about certain things to different characters enables her to accomplish this. Every other character’s fascination with her makes it easy for her to make allies and create confidant, all working in her favor.

Which Country Would I Love to Visit?

If I had a chance to visit a foreign country, I would not hesitate to choose South Korea. The main reason why I would choose Korea as my destination is that I want to visit Seoul and Jeju Island. Seoul, the capital of the South Korea, is one of the modern cities in the world. It is the business and cultural hub of South Korea, where skyscrapers tower over Buddhist temples. N Seoul Tower, built atop a peak in Namsan Park, allows me to view the entire city and surrounding areas from above.The teahouses and shops of Insadong give me a taste of Korean flavor, which I can further experience with a visit to the grounds and museums of Gyeongbokgung. UNESCO World Heritage Site, Changdeokgung Palace is a fine example of authentic ancient architecture which I would love to visit. In my opinion, Seoul is not just the capital of the South Korea, but a wonderful city worthy to visit. The second part of South Korea I would like to visit is Jeju Island, a hot tourist spot booming with unique attrac tions. Jeju’s romantic sunrises and sunsets, mild climate and beautiful sandy beaches totally enchanted me just with the images found on Google.I often image that I could meander along the beaches to enjoy the sunlight and breeze. I can also hike with my family to Baeknok Lake at the top of Mount Halla, South Korea’s highest peak. I would also love to see the â€Å"haenyeo,† female divers gathering fresh seafood, and the iconic â€Å"grandfather statues† displayed outside of many restaurants. Most importantly, I hope to see my favourite KPOP stars by chance!!! Of course, there are other countries I could visit if I had the opportunity to visit a foreign country. However, I think South Korea would be my first choice.

Safeway

This paper talks about Safeway a store, now so popular that it has made itself establish as a brand in the market. This paper talks about problems that are plaguing Safeway and how can a solution be reached. It starts off with a summary of the entire paper and then details on the company’s vision, mission, goals etc. It provides a list of problems that Safeway has been facing through the years prioritizes these and then develops a solution plan in a logical step-wise manner. The paper concludes itself with a brief discussion on how the solution can be achieved in an effective manner and provides a brief evaluation of it. Executive Summary. Safeway is a chain of stores, now so popular that it has made itself establish as a brand in the market. Safeway started off as a store back in 1915, under the vision of M. Skagg’s. Then, it was just a store and now we see around one thousand seven hundred and seventy five stores all across United States of America and Canada. The vision at Safeway talks about value and adding value to the chain of operations that the store is involved in. It talks about giving value to customers through value added products and services under the name of Safeway stores and by strategizing success in terms of profits by keeping them narrow while expanding. In 2000, Safeway faced a huge internal labor problem whereby it received threats and complaints from peers and its competitor, Wal-Mart. Another issue was that of loss in sales and of customer base. It also experienced declining profits. (IBSCDC) Safeway, as of its current standing has been facing internal issues revolving around pay conflicts and the chain not keeping its promises to the laborers/ workers. This has resulted into a lot of frustration and feelings of negativity in between the two entities. Strikes arranged by labor union/s have been the looming issue this year, 2009 at Safeway. The basic reasons for this are frustrated workers because of their wages and pension benefits, which they consider low or minimal. (SFGate) Other issues revolve around lawsuits by two pension funds on the management and board of Safeway, blaming them guilty to deceit, greed and managerial inexperience. Due to this situation, many a times the shareholders have gotten very upset at the way things function inside the chain. Another main problem that the company faces is that of conflict of interests, which results in selfish behavior. (RedOrbit) The labor problem directly affects the key stakeholder groups. It has resulted into upsetting the laborers or workers who are the driving force behind the various operations that the chain undertakes, be it the sales stores, warehouses, or the staff at the chain’s office. And when this extends to the whole of America and Canada, it results into negative spill over effects throughout the organization. This affects the shareholders, since history has also proved that two lawsuits also were filed against the management of Safeway due to reasons of conflict of interests, no or minimal transparency etc. The different solutions that this paper has proposed comprise of a sound transparent system in overall operations, fair measurement of performance through technology usage and SAPs (HRMReport), improving upon the recruitment guidelines by involving pre-agreed upon contracts between the company and the worker being recruited, and lastly, employing the element of bureaucracy by the ‘stick’ technique applied to the upper management by the Board. The last option surrounds replacement of all those managers who have shown a history of conflict of interests. Resource Center) The best solution out of all these is a combination of achieving transparency through correcting any occurrence of conflict of interests with pre-agreed setting of labor contracts. The solution can be implemented by communicating it to the shareholders, workers and upper management. This should be done in a clear manner. A ‘no-patience’ approach should be communicated boasting an environment fr ee of greed, selfishness and self-interest- envisioning, communicating and implementing a conflict of interests free environment. This can hence help in adopting a measurement of performance for workers plan under which the transparency guidelines will be communicated effectively. Position Safeway started off as a store back in 1915, under the vision of M. Skagg’s. Then, it was just a store and now we see around one thousand seven hundred and seventy five stores all across United States of America and Canada. Today, Safeway is not just a chain of stores (grocery stores) rather it is a brand. It has also launched several private brands under its umbrella all across North America. There are three thousand products approximately available under the brand names of Lucerne, Mrs. Wright’s, Safeway and Safeway Select Label that markets more than a thousand premium brands. Through the years, the chain of stores has done its share of corporate social responsibility. It does this by donating to schools, for breast and prostate cancer research, contributing towards the displaced people resulting out of natural calamities like the Tsunami and also helps disabled people. This initiative, which is a proper program at the company basically, has helped it make and retain community partnerships. Also, Safeway has contributed towards the restoration and preservation efforts of the environment, by extending help in the areas of renewable energy and solid waste management. (Safeway Website) Vision and Mission of Safeway The vision at Safeway is the same as it was before that was built by Skagg’s. It talks about value and adding value to the chain of operations that the store is involved in. It talks about giving value to customers through value added products and services under the name of Safeway stores and by strategizing success in terms of profits by keeping them narrow while expanding. Its mission statement is that of ‘expanding for the better’, which revolves around continuous improvement when the management jargon is applied. These also constitute the broader, long-term goals for the company. Safeway believes in ‘Ingredients for Life’, since it encompasses the concept of ‘wholesomeness’ in whatever services and products it is providing to the customer. This, henceforth also forms its tagline. (Safeway Web Site). Stakeholders of Safeway These include groups and people from the different segments of the countries. First and foremost it includes the shareholders who have been investing in the company and the Board of Directors of Upper Management. Other key stakeholders include customers who contribute towards the revenues by visiting stores and making purchases. Its suppliers include all the companies that through stocking fee reserve their spaces in shelves in all Safeway stores for retail. The Corporate Social Responsibility Steering Group or CSR Steering Group is yet another group that has stake in the chain of stores- Safeway. Others include, Media Companies, Journalists, Laborers, and last but not least its employees. Problems: Contextual Analysis Safeway’s ride to success and its expansion efforts have not been problem free. It has faced many internal as well as external problems that have rendered its free will operations difficult to perform under such circumstances. In 2000, Safeway faced a huge internal labor problem whereby it received threats and complaints from peers and its competitor, Wal-Mart. Another issue was that of loss in sales and of customer base. It also experienced declining profits. (IBSCDC) Safeway, as of its current standing has been facing internal issues revolving around pay conflicts and the chain not keeping its promises to the laborers/ workers. This has resulted into a lot of frustration and feelings of negativity in between the two entities. Strikes arranged by labor union/s have been the looming issue this year, 2009 at Safeway. The basic reasons for this are frustrated workers because of their wages and pension benefits, which they consider low or minimal. (SFGate) Other issues revolve around lawsuits by two pension funds on the management and board of Safeway, blaming them guilty to deceit, greed and managerial inexperience. Due to this situation, many a times the shareholders have gotten very upset at the way things function inside the chain. Another main problem that the company faces is that of conflict of interests, which results in selfish behavior. (RedOrbit) Sense One of the major problems at the company revolves around its labor workers due to labor unions and their frustrations. The chain of grocery stores- Safeway has been trying to take control over this issue, through resolution efforts in terms of labor agreements etc. , but nothing too productive and fruitful has been done. Therefore, the issue still stands and even though is not raging with the same force as it was before it is definitely the most problematic area for the corporation as of now. SFGate) The fringe benefits including health care and pension related alongside the wage issue present in the labor staff, has resulted into a deep frustration. This has resulted into a negative feeling between the company and the workers. The labor union demands increments in their wages and wants a yearlong hold to adjusting the pension program (which constitutes pension benefits for the workers). Many companies have agreed to these terms to some extent by increasing the retirement age but the wage issue remains frozen. (McGhee, T. These however are the symptoms of a larger cause, a greater problem, this being mismanagement on the part of the upper management arising due to a conflict of interests and as mentioned above greed and hypocrisy. The labor problem directly affects the key stakeholder groups. It has resulted into upsetting the laborers or workers who are the driving force behind the various operations that the chain undertakes, be it the sales stores, warehouses, or the staff at the chain’s office. And when this extends to the whole of America and Canada, it results into negative spill over effects throughout the organizat ion. This affects the shareholders, since history has also proved that two lawsuits also were filed against the management of Safeway due to reasons of conflict of interests, no or minimal transparency etc. Uncover The problem surrounding labor related issues and up rise of labor union movements against the management is the biggest problem at Safeway because if a company’s employee/s workers are not happy, the manual force behind its operations is not strong therefore this results into low profitability, bad reputation and further conflict of interests. The different solutions that this paper has proposed comprise of a sound transparent system in overall operations, fair measurement of performance through technology usage and SAPs (HRMReport), improving upon the recruitment guidelines by involving pre-agreed upon contracts between the company and the worker being recruited, and lastly, employing the element of bureaucracy by the ‘stick’ technique applied to the upper management by the Board. The last option surrounds replacement of all those managers who have shown a history of conflict of interests. Resource Center) Solve The problem is so massive that it requires a proper plan of action in the form of a labor plan and a formalized labor budgeting report. This calls for transparency as well as a clear set of goals for the laborers or workers at the company. Employing transparency within the company is the key solution here and others should replace replacing managers or upper management people, who have showed a selfis h attitude, in the corporate market. This is the only end solution in end. But, since this is not a feasible option since laying off and replacing a company’s upper management just like that is not an easy task, what needs to be established is a formalized, controlled system of labor handling. Under this each laborer or worker before his recruitment will know about his wages, fringe benefits and pension benefits. If the agreement proves to be a compromise between the company as well as the worker, then it should be agreed upon to start off induction and the recruitment processes after that. There should also be a sound â€Å"management of employees framework†, that helps in gaining accountability and transparency with fairness to the entire process of performance evaluation. The best solution out of all these is a combination of achieving transparency through correcting any occurrence of conflict of interests with pre-agreed setting of labor contracts. Build Strategic decisions involve making of sound decisions which includes goal identification, problem finding, generation of solutions as possible options and then evaluation these to select the best possible one. Schwenk, C. (1984) says that cognitive psychology hence needs to be adopted when making decisions in the corporate world. (Schwenk, C. , 113) A risky project comprising of uncertainty according to theorists comprises of setting a performance measure that results into goal alignment successfully. The ‘standard’ here is that of the project passing through the potential ‘Pareto Improvement’. (Graham, D. , 715) In line with these theorists’ views, the best solution as proposed above out of all the ones mentioned is a combination of achieving transparency through correcting any occurrence of conflict of interests with pre-agreed setting of labor contracts. The positive side of this tells a story of no or minimal confusion in agreements of labor contracts, less occurrence of ill reputation, and no or minimal frustration on the part of the workers and shareholders as the two key stakeholders here in this case. The dark side to the cost benefit analysis in line with what Schewenk, C. 1984) has talked about revolves around fears of bureaucracy and the upper management becoming agitated and frustrated due to less empowerment and control in their hands. Achieve The solution can be implemented by communicating it to the shareholders, workers and upper management. This should be done in a clear manner. A ‘no-patience’ approach should be communicated boasting an environment free o f greed, selfishness and self-interest- envisioning, communicating and implementing a conflict of interests free environment. This can hence help in adopting a measurement of performance for workers plan under which the transparency guidelines will be communicated effectively. An evaluation phase can be developed henceforth, by having an internal audit constituting of representatives of the Board Members, so as to hold checks after each quarter. This shall help in consistency supervision and prevention of conflict between Safeway and its workers.